Yet Another Cheat Sheet for VIM

Download

vim_cheatsheet.pdf, PDF (169 kB)
vim_cheatsheet.html, HTML (48 kB)
vim_cheatsheet.tar.bz2, ConTeXt source and HTML conversion script

Change log

2012/08/23 :: Few minor corrections of HTML version, added new command "dG" (delete to end of file)
2012/08/22 :: English version released

Vi IMproved

Basic control and conventions

Key combination – several keys pressed together, e.g. Ctrl+A_E means Ctrl+Shift+a_E.
Key sequence – several keys or combinations pressed gradually, e.g.. Ctrl+ww_E means a press of combination Ctrl+w and than a key w.
Working mode – it is displayed bottom right:

■ C – basic command mode, Esc_E,
■ E – insert mode Ins_C, i_C,
■ V – visual, used for highlighting of text blocks v_C/V_C,
■ ex – command line ex-mode :_C.

Repeat command with typing number n× of repetitions before command, e.g. 5x_C deletes 5 chars from cursor position. Option set showcmd shows command sequence in bottom right.
Help: help topic, use Tab for command completion.
Similar commands uses same keys, e.g. f_C / F_C, t_C / T_C (see below). The difference is direction or range of operation.
Repeat last: command ._C, macro @@_C
Undo: u_C ≈ undo, redo Ctrl+r_C / redo
Set or unset options with set option a set nooption. Alone set displays current options.
Shortening of options: set ignorecase ≈ se ic
Line addressing of ex-commands:

xcommand execute on line x
x,ycommand from x to line y
.,$command from actual position to the end
%command ≈ 1,\$command for whole file
.,+xcomm ≈ xcomm from cursor to next x lines
.,$–x from current position to x. line from the end
/pattern₁/,/pattern₂/ from the first occurrence of line with pattern₁ to the first pattern₂

More ex-commands together: command₁ | command₂
Comparison of two files: vimdiff file₁ file₂

Edit and save

Edit: edit file
Open new empty file: enew
Insert file to current position: read file
Insert output of system command: read !command
Save/append file: write file / w >> file
Save/append lines n to m: n,mw file / n,mw>> file
Save and quit: wq, enforced wq!
Quit without save: q! ≈ ZQ_C
Quit and save when file was changed: x ≈ ZZ_C
Go to file under the cursos: gf_C
Change name of current file: f jméno
Insert before/after: char i_C / a_C, line I_C / A_C
Insert new line above/below cursor: O_C / o_C
Rewrite: char r_C, word cw_C, line cc_C, text R_C ≈ InsIns_C
Delete char/line and continue edit:s_C / S_C

Moving throught file

Open file on 23^rd line: vim file +23
Cursor: →_C ≈ l_C, ←_C ≈ h_C, ↑_C ≈ k_C, ↓_C ≈ j_C
Paging: Ctrl+f_C ≈ PageUp_E / Ctrl+b_C ≈ PageDown_E
Half-paging up/down: Ctrl+u_C / Ctrl+d_C
Jump to n^th line: n ≈ nG_C , the last $ ≈ G_C
Jump to percentual line position: n%_C
Display current line number: Ctrl+g_C, set number
Display number of lines: =
Jump to byte position: goto n
Jump in line before char a forward/backward: ta_C / Ta_C
Jump in line to char a forward/backward: fa_C / Fa_C
Repeat last line search forward/backward: ;_C / ,_C
Go to beggining of next/previous word: w_C / b_C
Go to end of a word: e_C, with interpunction E_C
Go to declaration: gd_C
Go to begin/end of paragraph: {_C / }_C, block: [{_C / ]}_C
Go to begin/end of line: Home_C ≈ ^_C / End_C ≈ $_C
Go to next/previous sentence: )_C / (_C
Go to next/previous line: End_C ≈ +_C / -_C
Go to column: first 0_C ≈ |_C; n^th n|_C
Jump to pair bracket: %_C
Print position, number of lines and chars, etc.: gCtrl+g_C

Marking of position

Insert invisible mark a: ma_C
Jump to mark a: 'a_C
Print marks: marks
Erase mark a: delmarks a
Process text from mark a to b: 'a,'b příkaz, e.g. 'a,'b !sort will use external command for sort

Deleting, moving and copying of text

Deletion automaticly stores text in register (for moving)
Delete: char x_C ≈ Del_C; previous char X_C ≈ d←_C ≈ dh_C, Ctrl+h_E ≈ BackSpace_E; word dw_C ≈ Ctrl+w_E; line dd_C
Delete up to pair bracket: d%_C
Delete to end/beginning of sentence: d)_C / d(_C
Delete the rest of line/file: D_C ≈ d$_C / dG_C
Delete from cursor position to beginning: d0_C ≈ d^_C
Join lines: J_C add space, gJ_C without space
Copy to register: line Y_C ≈ yy_C, word yw_C
Copy to the beginning/end of line: y0_C / y$_C
More registers: press "k…_C before command will save text to register k. E.g. "kyy_C copies line into k
Paste content of last used register or last deleted text: after p_C, before P_C cursor, "kpp_C pastes register k
Special register: "% – current file name, "/ – last search,…
Show content of registers: register a
Swaps the next two chars/lines: xp_C / ddp_C
ex-mode: delete d, move m, copy co ≈ t
10,20m0 – move lines 10–20 to the beginning (0)
.,+5d a – delete next 5 lines and store them to reg. a

Formatting

Set text width: set textwidth=n
Switch on line wrap: set wrap
Justify: center, right, left
Format line: gqq_C
Format paragraph: gqap_C jump to end, gwap_C
Reverse case of char: ~_C, line g~~_C
Line to upper/lower: gUU_C / Vu_C ≈ guu_C / VU_C
Whole file to upper/lower case: gggUG_C / ggguG_C
While line/file ROT13 encoding: g??_C / ggg?G_C

Indentation

Shift line: >>_C, Ctrl+t_E of set shiftwidth=n
Shift line leftwards: <<_C, Ctrl+d_E
Tabbing: Tab_E ≈ Ctrl+i_E
Shift line same as before: ==_C
Indent block relatively: =a{ _C
Refresh indentation of whole file: gg=G_C

Complementation

Complement word before/after cursor: Ctrl+p_E / Ctrl+n_E
Name of file in working directory: Ctrl+x Ctrl+f_E
Name of directory: Ctrl+x Ctrl+d_E
Whole line: Ctrl+x Ctrl+l_E
Word from dictionary: Ctrl+x Ctrl+k_E
System command (reads $PATH): Ctrl+x Ctrl+v_E
Increase/decrease number under cursor: Ctrl+a_C / Ctrl+x_C
Name of current file: Ctrl+r%_E

Completition at ex-command line

Insert content of register a: Ctrl+ra
Insert word under the cursor: Ctrl+r Ctrl+a
Cancel command: Ctrl+u

Insert special sumbols

Display unprintable characters: set list
Insert ASCII char: Ctrl+v code End_E
Show ASCII/UTF-8 of char under cursor: ga_C / g8_C
Suppress control character, e.g. Tab (^I): Ctrl+v Tab_E
Table of Unicode digraphs: digraphs
Insert digraphs:Ctrl+k K₁ K₂_E
Digraphs: ± +- ° DG × *X ÷ -: – -N — -M „ :9 “ :6
Define digraphs .3 for „…“ (U+2026): dig .3 8230

Search and replace

Ignore case: set ignorecase, opposite set noic
Search forward/backward: /pattern_C / ?pattern_C
Repeat last search: /_C / ?_C
Ignore case: /\cpattern_C
Jump to next searched place: n_C forward, N_C backward
Search for word under the cursor: #_C forward, *_C backward
Search by ASCII code of „M“: %d77, %x4d, %o0115
Search Unicode character „α“ (U+03B1): %u03b1
Substitution: substitute/from/to/flag, abbr. s
Repeat last substitution: s ≈ s//~/
The delimiter / can be any char instead \, " and |
Flags: c – confirmation, g – for whole line, p – print, without flag changes only first occurence
Cancel highlight: nohlsearch
Search in more files:vimgrep /pattern/g f₁ f₂ … f_n
Execute command on line with: global/pattern/command
Execute where pattern not match: g!/pattern/command

Regular expressions

Begin/end of: line ^ / $, word \< / \>, file %^ / %$
Last searched pattern/substitution: & / ~
Matches any character: . (dot)
Or/and: | / \&
Suppress next special symbol: \., \&, $, \^, \\, \*
Atom: $pattern$
N^th reference: \N, first $pattern$ = \1
Ranges: [abcd] ≈ [a-d], [a-zA-Z] ≈ \a, [0-9] ≈ \d
Ignored chars and ranges: [^abcd] ≈ [^a-d]
Zero or multiple z: z* ≈ z\{0,\}
One or multiple z: z\+ ≈ z\{1,\}
One or zero times: z\? ≈ z\{0,1\}
Repetition z: z\{n\} accurate n×, z\{n,\} minimal n×, z\{n,m\} min. n and max. m times

Folding of text blocks (help folding)

Fold text: zf_C, selected zf_V
Jump to beginning/end of fold: [z_C / ]z_C
Open fold under the cursor: zo_C, recursively zO_C
Open/close all: zR_C / zM_C
Switch fold-unfold: za_C, recursively zA_C
Highlight folded parts: set foldcolumn=5

Edit more files, windows and tabs

More files (edit buffers)

Start vim: vim file₁ file₂…
Display buffers: ls ≈ files (numbered)
Switch to next/previous file: next / prev
Switch to first/last file:rewind ≈ first / last
Perform mass command for all files:bufdo command

Windows

New window: new ≈ Ctrl+wn_C
Split window: split ≈ Ctrl+ws_C
Vertically split window: vsplit ≈ Ctrl+wv_C
Close window: close ≈ Ctrl+wc_C
Close all except current: only ≈ Ctrl+wo_C
Jump to next window: Ctrl+ww_C
Shrink/large window by n lines: Ctrl+wn-_C / Ctrl+wn+_C
Shrink/large window by n columns: Ctrl+wn<_C / Ctrl+wn>_C
Same size for all windows: Ctrl+w=_C
Mass: write wall, quit qall, wqall
Perform mass command for all windows: windo command
Open name under cursor in new window: Ctrl+wf_C

Moving in window

Jump to window line: top H_C, middle M_C, last L_C
Jump to n^th line from top/bottom: nH_C/nL_C
Set actual line to: top zEnd_C, center z._C, bottom z-_C
Scroll window up/down by: line Ctrl+e_C / Ctrl+y_C, page Ctrl+b_C / Ctrl+f_C, half-page Ctrl+u_C / Ctrl+d_C
Redraw window without scrolling: Ctrl+l_C

Tabs

Command: vim -p f₁, f₂ … open files in tabs
Create/close tab: tabnew / tabc
Close all, except current tab: tabo
Go to next/previous: tabn ≈ Ctrl+PageDown_E / tabp ≈ Ctrl+PageUp_E
Move after the fold n: tabm n
Perform mass command: tabdo command
Change tab design: set tabline
Open name of file under cursor in new tab: Ctrl+wgf_C

Visual mode

Select: chars v_C, lines V_C, cursor sets range
Block text selection: Ctrl+V_C
Change to upper/lower case: U_V / u_V
Select: word aw_V, ()/{} block ab_V / aB_V, no brackets ib_V / iB_V; XML block with marks at_V, inside marks it_V
Perform command in selected range: '<,'> command

Abbreviations, key maps and macros

Define abbreviation: abreviate abbr full expansion
Abbreviations for insert/ex-mode: iabbrev / cabbrev
List/delete abbreviations: ab / unab abbreviation
Map key x: map x commands
Map by mode: map imap cmap nmap vmap
Map key for insert mode: map! x commands
List key mapping: map/map!
Delete mapping: unmap x/unmap! x
Write macro to register a: qa_C
End macro definition: q_C
Perform macro in register a: @a_C
Repeat last called macro: @@_C
Execute macro a as ex-command: @a

Spell checking

Switch on spelling: set spell spelllang=cs,en
Search next/previous mistype: ]s_C / [s_C
Add to dictionary a word under cursor: zg_C
Add temporary to dictionary: zG_C
Set word as bad: zw_C, temporary zW_C
Suggest correctly spelled words: z=_C
Always take the first suggestion: 1z=_C

Programmer support

Run make: make
Jump to next/previous error: cprevious / cnext
List all errors: clist
Add window with list of errors: copen

Other

Start shell: shell
Open manpage of command under cursor: K_C
Open file under the cursor: gf_C
Save as color HTML: runtime! syntax/2html.vim
Wildcard of current file %, e.g. !context % process current file with ConTeXt

Number of comments: 0

BruXy.REGNET.CZ

Yet Another Cheat Sheet for VIM

Download

Change log

Vi IMproved

Basic control and conventions

Edit and save

Moving throught file

Marking of position

Deleting, moving and copying of text

Formatting

Indentation

Complementation

Completition at ex-command line

Insert special sumbols

Search and replace

Regular expressions

Folding of text blocks (help folding)

Edit more files, windows and tabs

More files (edit buffers)

Windows

Moving in window

Tabs

Visual mode

Abbreviations, key maps and macros

Spell checking

Programmer support

Other